Sensation is how our body processes internal and external stimuli. Stimuli can come from within our body, such as the vestibular and interoceptive senses, and it also comes from the environment, such as when we smell or hear something. In this section, we cover techniques that the occupational therapist (OT) can use to screen, assess, and intervene for a client with sensory deficits. We will primarily focus on different touch and proprioceptive assessments and interventions.
In Occupational Therapy Assistant (OTA) 1180, we discussed the sensory integration model and how to apply it for sensation deficits. Sensation dysfunction occurs if the brain does not properly organize and integrate information. In OTA 1140, we learned that interventions for sensation can take on a remedial or compensatory approach. For example, in OTA 1130, we used goggles to mimic vision impairments, which forced us to rely on our other senses such as hearing and tactile cues. A similar principle is applied to compensatory intervention. If our client has a protective sensation loss, we teach them to scan their environment for safety hazards.
This video explains the distinction between sensation and perception and how our brain registers perception of sensation and adapts to enable us to engage in occupation.
Video is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Sensation Stimuli Tips
This video explains different sensation assessments. These techniques include light touch, sharp versus dull, temperature, Semmes Weinstein Monofilament test, two-point discrimination tool test, proprioception, and stereognosis.
Sensation Assessments Tips
This video explains different interventions that the OT can use to address their client’s sensation deficits, including hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity.
Sensation Intervention Tips
Occupational Therapy Skills for Physical Dysfunction Copyright © 2023 by Gabe Byars, OTR/L; Elizabeth Boettcher, OTAS; and Penny Peterson, OTAS is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.